Windsor 2nd prototype DW512
Addressing Limitations of Previous Bombers: The Vickers Windsor Design
The Vickers Windsor’s design sought to address several limitations of previous heavy bombers, primarily those related to speed, range, and altitude performance:
Overcoming Engine Limitations: Many earlier heavy bombers, like the Manchester and early Warwicks, were hindered by the underperformance of high-power piston engines. The Windsor, however, was designed from the outset to utilize four powerful engines. This allowed for greater speed, range, and bomb load capabilities compared to its predecessors hampered by engine technology.
High Aspect Ratio Wing for Improved Performance: Recognizing the performance limitations imposed by low aspect ratio wings with high induced drag (as seen in designs like the Short Stirling), the Windsor adopted a high aspect ratio wing with an elliptical planform. This design choice aimed to reduce drag and improve overall aerodynamic efficiency, leading to better speed, range, and altitude capabilities.
Geodetic Construction for Structural Strength and Range: The Windsor inherited the geodetic construction method from its predecessor, the Warwick. This lightweight yet structurally robust design approach allowed for a larger aircraft with increased range without compromising structural integrity.
Addressing Altitude Performance with Pressurization (Initially): The initial design, under Specification B.5/41, aimed to achieve high-altitude performance through the incorporation of a pressure cabin, similar to the Wellington VI. This feature addressed the limitations of previous bombers by enabling operations at altitudes where they would be less susceptible to enemy interceptors. However, this requirement was later dropped due to evolving operational doctrines that questioned the effectiveness of high-altitude bombing.
Advanced Defensive Armament: Previous bombers often relied on manned turrets for defense, which were heavy and vulnerable. The Windsor’s designers explored innovative solutions, ultimately opting for remotely controlled barbettes in the outboard engine nacelles, each armed with two 20mm cannons. This approach aimed to provide more effective defensive firepower while reducing the weight and vulnerability of traditional manned turrets.
While the Vickers Windsor ultimately failed to enter production due to a combination of factors, its design represented a significant attempt to address the limitations of earlier heavy bombers. The emphasis on powerful engines, aerodynamic efficiency, and innovative armament demonstrated a forward-thinking approach to bomber design.